【explain的用法和搭配】在英语学习中,“explain”是一个非常常见的动词,表示“解释、说明”。它在日常交流、写作以及考试中都频繁出现。掌握“explain”的正确用法和常见搭配,有助于提高语言表达的准确性和自然度。
一、基本用法
1. explain + 名词 / 从句(说明某事)
表示对某个事物、现象或概念进行解释。
- 例句:Can you explain the meaning of this word?
(你能解释这个词的意思吗?)
- 例句:He explained his plan in detail.
(他详细地解释了他的计划。)
2. explain + to someone(向某人解释)
用于说明向谁解释某事。
- 例句:I will explain it to you again.
(我会再向你解释一次。)
- 例句:She explained the problem to the teacher.
(她向老师解释了这个问题。)
3. explain + why / how / what(说明原因、方式等)
用于引导解释的内容。
- 例句:Why did you leave early? Can you explain?
(你为什么早走了?能解释一下吗?)
- 例句:Could you explain how this works?
(你能解释一下它是怎么工作的吗?)
二、常见搭配
| 搭配 | 释义 | 例句 |
| explain something | 解释某事 | She explained the rules clearly. |
| explain to someone | 向某人解释 | He explained the situation to the manager. |
| explain why/how/what | 解释原因/方式/内容 | Can you explain why he was late? |
| explain away | 推脱、辩解 | He tried to explain away his mistake. |
| explain oneself | 自我解释 | She had to explain herself after the argument. |
| explain in detail | 详细解释 | The teacher explained the theory in detail. |
| explain something to someone | 向某人解释某事 | I will explain the steps to you. |
三、注意事项
1. explain 和 describe 的区别
- “explain” 强调“说明原因或逻辑”,常用于解释问题、原理或行为。
- “describe” 更侧重于“描述特征或外观”,不涉及因果关系。
2. explain 后面不能直接跟介词短语
例如:❌ He explained the problem on me.
✅ 应改为:He explained the problem to me.
3. explain 通常用于口语和书面语
在正式写作中,也可以使用“elaborate”、“clarify”、“illustrate”等近义词来替换,使语言更丰富。
四、总结
“explain” 是一个基础但非常实用的动词,掌握其基本结构和常见搭配,可以帮助我们更清晰、准确地表达思想。无论是日常对话还是书面表达,都能起到关键作用。通过不断练习和积累,可以逐步提升语言运用的灵活性和准确性。
表格总结:
| 用法 | 结构 | 示例 |
| 解释某事 | explain + 名词 / 从句 | Explain the process. |
| 向某人解释 | explain + to + 人 | Explain it to me. |
| 说明原因/方式 | explain why/how/what | Explain why you were late. |
| 详细解释 | explain in detail | Explain the steps in detail. |
| 自我解释 | explain oneself | He had to explain himself. |
| 推脱理由 | explain away | He explained away his failure. |
通过以上内容的学习与实践,相信你可以更加自如地使用“explain”这一动词,提升英语表达能力。


